The analysis sequence continues after the focus group with an immediate debriefing with the moderator and assistant moderator. Focus group discussion guidelines focus group discussions, or fgds are a qualitative research method. Each focus group had between 1 and seventeen student participants. Focus groups explicitly use group interaction as part of the method kitzinger 1995. In these cases, beacon recommends mini groups groups with between 2 to 5 individuals per session. Mini groups may originate from focus groups when respondents may be hard to reach and only a few come forward to conduct the research. Focus group discussion relies on facilitators or moderators to guide the groups discussion berg, 1989. This manual has been provided to assist you in conducting focus groups.
Mini focus group discussion minifgd minifgd is a method of qualitative survey intended to find out the opinions, attitudes, experiences and beliefs of consumers related to the product, service, concept, promotion, idea or packaging under analysis. Chapter 6 analyzing focus group results 141 participants, and that a short verbal summary at the conclusion of the discussion allows for verification. It is conducted in the presence of a moderator who will ensure the results are. The method aims to obtain data from a purposely selected group of. Focus group is defined as a small group of carefully selected participants who contribute in open discussions for research about a new product or a feature update or any other topic to generalize the results from this concentrated discussion to the entire population. A qualitative framework for collecting and analyzing data.
At this time, the moderator makes a quick check to ensure. Focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative approach to gain an indepth understanding of social issues. The focus group manual dawson, manderson and tallo, 1993 suggests that. The materials that you will need for focus groups are.
Focus group interviewing richard krueger 4 beginning the focus group discussion the first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. There are no right or wrong answers to these questions. The lessons include individual studies and series looking. A focus group is a conversation that focuses on specific questions in a safe and confidential environment. They are used to find out the perceptions and attitudes of a defined group of people. It generally involves group interviewing in which a small group of usually 8 to 12 people. In mini focus group discussion, what is the minimum number. The aim is to gain insight into a groups attitudes, enablers and barriers to behaviour.
Participants in a focus group 67 gender you want to talk to men who have had false positives on prostate screening tests to find out how this impacted their quality of life. Pdf using focus groups in social research researchgate. Focus groups can meet though teleconferencing if its geographically restrictive to gather all the participants together. Instead of a traditional survey which offers specific question and answer options, the focus group allows participants to speak freely about the ideas presented and offer their opinions in a way that supports what the survey is attempting to discover. Focus group interview as a tool for qualitative research. Pengambilan data kualitatif melalui fgd dikenal luas karena kelebihannya dalam memberikan. Heong the focus group discussion fgd is a rapid assessment, semi. Focus group interview is one of the valuable tools for collecting qualitative data. While this publication provides basic information about putting together a focus group project, the researcher or facilitator will play a critical. It can impact focus group discussion if the facilitator is anxious because materials are missing or purchased at the last minute. Focus group discussion conclusions blora district, central java november 2009 laura paler columbia university 1 main points there is a high demand for better government in blora, but ordinary citizens do not feel empowered to bring about change. The opening is the time for the facilitator to welcome the group, introduce the purpose and context of the focus group, explain what a focus group is and how it will flow, and make the introductions.
In total, thirtyfive unique group sessions were conducted. A focus group exploration of sexual identity formation in nonmonosexual women the history of the world is none other than the progress of the consciousness of freedom wilhelm hegel over the last twenty years, there has been an increase in the interest and research on. There are only a few basic rules to keep in mind while participating today. Someone to write up a report that summarizes the discussions. We conducted a mini focus group at rti to pretest the moderator guide and determine the length of the discussion. Methods each focus group lasted between 75 and 90 minutes.
A focus group discussion is a qualitative data collection method that engages 6 to 12 peoplewith shared characteristics pertinent to the specific discussion topicand is led by a trained facilitator. Focus group discussion yang lebih terkenal dengan singkatannya fgd merupakan salah satu metode riset kualitatif yang paling terkenal selain teknik wawancara. The first few moments in focus group discussion are critical. Relocation of congolese refugees in lunda norte, angola unhcr 19, july, 2017 3 breakdown by sex and age group of focus group discussion participants. The moderator asks broad questions to elicit responses and generate discussion among. Fgds are a predetermined semistructured interview led by a skilled moderator. Key findings the main findings from data generated by the focus group discussions are summarized below. A regularsize focus group has eight to 12 participants, while a mini focus group uses four or five members. A practical guide to focusgroup research rosanna l. Focus group learn about different types of focus groups. A focus group is a smallgroup discussion guided by a trained leader. Instead, i find it more useful to think that the degree of formal structure in a focus group is a decision that the research makes according to the specific purposes of the research project.
Focus group discussions are facilitated discussions, held with a small group of people who have specialist knowledge or interest in a particular topic. In virtually every focus group discussion fgd, participants. Good practice guide 16 setting up a volunteer focus group. In my view, running focus group discussion with only three participants will not suffice. Focus groups are a cheaper means of obtaining information compared to individual interviews. Mini focus groups groups are composed of four or five members rather. The best sets of focus group questions are limited in scope and quantity. Focus group interviews nurture different perceptions and points of view and are used to gather. Focus group discussion summary sfmta held two focus group meetings on october 4th and 5th, 2016. Participants respond and share information through online means. Evaluation of slogans and concepts for usdas food thermometer education campaign volume 1 final report contract no. Free and open discussion among the respondents results in generation of new ideas that can be very useful for decisionmaking. Focus group discussions can be applied at any stage of the project or programme. Given the small number of participants in a focus group discussion and the.
Focus groups are a way to discover demographicrelevant information through an interactive group sessions that is run by a facilitator. They may be used when the topic area is difficult and may need to be explained to respondents more clearly. Generate and pretest an interview guide the interview guide sets the agenda for the focus group discussion by establishing the research questions to be addressed in the focus group. Breen faculty of education, university of technology, sydney, australia abstract this article guides readers through the decisions and considerations involved in conducting focusgroup research. The moderator raises issues identified in a discussion guide and uses probing questions to solicit opinions. In cases where the target population is very small, or resources for research. In focus group discussion participants are free to talk with other group members. Focus group interviews are a qualitative research method that consist of a carefully designed discussion which allows people to express their points of view in a group setting and provide researchers with indicators of program impact. Throughout this guide we use the example of the national science foundation nsffunded puget sound consortium for manufacturing excellence cme program to illustrate the focus group method. Abstract focus group discussion is frequently used as a qualitative. This paper uses the definition of focus group as a controlled group discussion, on the basis that the group interaction generated through discussion is of prior importance to this methodology. All of these materials ought to be gathered, labeled, and saved for later analysis. A focus group exploration of sexual identity formation in. Invitations to participate in the focus groups were sent to 70 neighborhood, community and business stakeholders who are actively engaged in their neighborhoods in a.
Family characteristics you want to talk to women who have had babies in the past year to get help in designing a program for new moms. Key points most people enjoy being asked their opinion and generally have information that they want to. Pemahaman tentang fgd istilah kelompok diskusi terarah atau dikenal sebagai focus group discussion fgd saat ini sangat populer dan banyak digunakan sebagai metode pengumpulan data dalam penelitian sosial. The shared characteristics may relate to a particular problem, livelihoods occupation, age, social group, place of residence, experience of. Getting the information you need from your focus group members is important, but so is respecting their time. Depending on the client and subject matter, a more intimate approach may be called for. Between 3 and 6 focus groups took place on each campus.
How to conduct a focus group the grantsmanship center. Depending on the research objective, the focus group can. The focus group fg has been actually employed by marketing, and is becoming importanct also in other areas. Online focus groups are done to reach a broader range of participants.
A focus group discussion or fgd is a qualitative research method in the social sciences, with a particular emphasis and application in the developmental program evaluation sphere. In this chapter, i will focus on the importance of the focus group method, its history, and its benefits and pitfalls. A focus group interview is a data collection technique in which a small group of people, usually between six and twelve individuals, is guided by a moderator to discuss specific topics in a structured way. This could be because the topic is a sensitive subject. The ngt is a highly structured facetoface group interaction, which empowers participants by providing an opportunity to have their voices heard and opinions considered by other members. During an fgd, a researcher and assistant facilitates a discussion with a small group of people using predetermined questions. In a brief time the moderator must create a thoughtful, permissive atmosphere, provide ground rules, and set the tone of the discussion.
Depending on the research objective, the focus group can be used alone or in conjunction with other methods. If the facilitator is anxious, this may make the participants uncomfortable and limit discussion. The groups composition and the group discussion should be carefully planned to create a nonthreatening environment, so that participants feel free to talk openly and give honest. Indepth, yet compact and easytounderstand youth bible lessons covering topics relevant to teens. Insights from two decades of application in conservation tobias o. Fgd adalah diskusi terfokus dari suatu group untuk membahas suatu masalah tertentu, dalam suasana informal dan santai. It is used to learn more about opinions on a designated topic, and then to guide future action.
The question section is where you ask the questions that you designed and tested in step 4 3. This person will have to introduce the topics, pose the questions, and guide the discussion so that all questions are covered in the allotted time. Setting up a volunteer focus group this document is an example of how you might develop a volunteer focus group within your own organisation or group. I will guide the conversation by asking questions that each of you can respond to.
81 1094 124 1392 1169 455 1462 1115 1329 251 134 542 201 582 437 941 646 664 734 1047 162 1440 164 748 258 555 782 1343 625 1301 87 257 459 778 949 1082 82 900 1061 200 588